Umuringa wa mafane

GrafeNone ni ibintu bishya atome ya karubone ihujwe na sp² hbbbbridisation ifatanye cyane muburyo bumwe bwimiterere yubuki. Hamwe n'indabyo nziza, amashanyarazi, na mashini ifite isezerano rikomeye ryo gusaba muri siyanse, Micro na Nano Gutunganya, ingufu, ibihangano, kandi bifatwa nk'ibiyobyabwenge by'ejo hazaza. Kubika imiti (CVD) nimwe muburyo bukoreshwa cyane kumusaruro ugenzurwa mubinini bya gare ya gare. Ihame ryingenzi ni ukubona grafene ubitsa hejuru yicyuma nkikirenga kandi gikatana, kandi gaze ya gaze ya karubone mbere yubushyuhe bwinshi, ikorana. Umuringa wa FIPPER yakozwe na clat ya civen afite ibiranga ubuziranenge bwuzuye, ituze ryiza, uferme imwe nubuso bumwe, nibikoresho byiza byerekana ibintu bya CVD.