Ikinyabiziga gifite amashanyarazi kiri hafi gutera intambwe. Hamwe no kwiyongera kwisi yose kuzamuka, bizatanga inyungu zingenzi zibidukikije, cyane cyane mumujyi wa metero. Hashyizweho uburyo bushya bwubucuruzi bushya buzamura iyakirwa ryabakiriya no gukemura imbogamizi zisigaye nkigiciro kinini cya batiri, amashanyarazi meza, nibikorwa remezo byo kwishyuza.
Gukura kw'ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi n'akamaro k'umuringa
Amashanyarazi afatwa nkuburyo bufatika bwo kugera ku bwikorezi bunoze kandi busukuye, bukaba ari ingenzi mu kuzamuka kwiterambere rirambye ku isi. Mu minsi ya vuba, ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi (EV) nk'amashanyarazi acomeka mu mashanyarazi (PHEVs), ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi (HEVs), n'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi meza (BEV) biteganijwe ko bizayobora isoko ry’ibinyabiziga bisukuye.
Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bubyerekana, umuringa uhagaze kugira uruhare runini mu bintu bitatu byingenzi: kwishyuza ibikorwa remezo, kubika ingufu, no gukora ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi (EV).
Imashini zifite inshuro zigera kuri enye z'umuringa ziboneka mu binyabiziga bitwarwa na fosile, kandi ikoreshwa cyane muri bateri ya lithium-ion (LIB), rotor, hamwe n’insinga. Mugihe izo mpinduka zimaze gukwirakwira ku isi no mu bukungu, abakora umuringa w’umuringa bitabira vuba kandi bagashyiraho ingamba zihamye zo kunoza amahirwe yo gufata agaciro k’akaga.
Gusaba hamwe ninyungu zumuringa
Muri bateri ya Li-ion, umuringa wumuringa nicyo gikoreshwa cyane na anode ikusanya; ituma amashanyarazi atemba mugihe nayo ikwirakwiza ubushyuhe butangwa na bateri. Umuringa wumuringa ushyizwe mubwoko bubiri: umuringa uzungurutswe (ushyizwemo ubunini mu ruganda ruzunguruka) hamwe na electrolytike y'umuringa (ikorwa hakoreshejwe electrolysis). Umuringa wa electrolytike wumuringa ukoreshwa muri bateri ya lithium-ion kuko idafite imbogamizi ndende kandi byoroshye kuyikora byoroshye.
Ifu yoroheje cyane, ibikoresho bikora cyane bishobora gushyirwa muri electrode, kugabanya uburemere bwa bateri, kongera ingufu za bateri, kugabanya ibiciro byinganda, no kugabanya ingaruka zibidukikije. Gukoresha uburyo bugezweho bwo kugenzura ikorana buhanga hamwe n’ibikorwa byo gukora bipiganwa cyane birakenewe kugirango iyi ntego igerweho.
Inganda zikura
Kwakira ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi biriyongera mu bihugu byinshi, harimo Amerika, Ubushinwa, n'Uburayi. Biteganijwe ko kugurisha EV ku isi hose bizagera kuri miliyoni 6.2 muri 2024, bikubye hafi inshuro ebyiri kugurisha muri 2019. Imodoka z’amashanyarazi ziragenda ziboneka cyane hamwe n’irushanwa hagati y’ibikorwa bigenda byiyongera. Politiki nyinshi zo gushyigikira imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi (EV) zashyizwe mubikorwa mumasoko akomeye mumyaka icumi ishize, bituma ubwiyongere bwimodoka bwimashanyarazi. Mugihe guverinoma kwisi yose yihatira gusohoza intego zirambye zirambye, izi nzira ziteganijwe kwihuta. Batteri ifite amahirwe menshi yo kwangiza cyane uburyo bwo gutwara no gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi.
Ingaruka zabyo, isoko ry’umuringa ku isi riragenda rirushaho guhatanwa, hamwe n’ibigo byinshi byo mu karere ndetse n’ibihugu byinshi bihatanira ubukungu bwikigereranyo. Nkuko inganda ziteganya imbogamizi zitangwa bitewe n’ubwiyongere bukabije bw’imodoka zo mu muhanda mu gihe kiri imbere, abitabiriye isoko bibanda ku kwagura ubushobozi kimwe no gushaka ingamba n’ishoramari.
Ikigo kimwe ku isonga ryibi ni CIVEN Metal, isosiyete izobereye mu bikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru ubushakashatsi, iterambere, gukora, no gukwirakwiza. Isosiyete yashinzwe mu 1998, ifite uburambe bwimyaka 20 kandi ikorera mubihugu bikomeye kwisi. Abakiriya babo baratandukanye kandi ikubiyemo inganda zirimo igisirikare, ubwubatsi, ikirere, nibindi byinshi. Kimwe mu bice byibandwaho ni ifu y'umuringa. Hamwe na R&D yo ku isi yose hamwe n'umurongo wo hejuru wo mu rwego rwa RA na ED umuringa wo gukora, bari mu murongo wo kuba umukinnyi ukomeye ku isonga mu nganda mu myaka iri imbere.
Kwiyemeza ejo hazaza heza
Mugihe twegereye 2030, biragaragara ko guhindura ingufu zirambye bizihuta gusa. CIVEN Metal izi akamaro ko guha abakiriya ibicuruzwa bishya nibikorwa byo kuzigama ingufu kandi byashyizwe neza kugirango ejo hazaza h'inganda habe imbere.
CIVEN Metal izakomeza kugera ku iterambere rishya mu bijyanye n’ibikoresho by’icyuma hamwe n’ingamba z’ubucuruzi zo “kuturenga no gukurikirana gutungana.” Ubwitange mu nganda zikoresha amashanyarazi zikoresha amashanyarazi ntabwo zizeza gusa intsinzi ya CIVEN Metal ahubwo inatsindira ikoranabuhanga rifasha kugabanya ingaruka ku isi hose zangiza imyuka ya karubone. Dufite umwenda ubwacu ndetse n'abazabakurikiraho kugira ngo dukemure icyo kibazo imbonankubone.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-12-2022