Umuringa, iyi super isa nultra-thing-thing yumuringa, ifite inzira nziza cyane kandi igoye. Iyi nzira ikubiyemo ikuramo no gutunganya umuringa, gukora umuringa umuringa, n'intambwe nyuma yo gutunganya.
Intambwe yambere ni ugukuramo no gutunganya umuringa. Nk'uko amakuru yaturutse muri Amerika yubushakashatsi bwa genologiya (USGS), umusaruro wisi wisi yose wageze kuri toni 20 za toni 20 muri 2021 (USGS, 2021). Nyuma yo gukuramo umuringa, unyuze mu ntambwe nko guhonyora, gusya, na flotation, umuringa wibanda kubirimo 30% by'umuringa urashobora kuboneka. Uyu muringa yibanda noneho aho gutunganya, harimo gushonga, gushyira mu gaciro, na electrolysis, amaherezo bitanga umuringa wa electrolytic hamwe ni 99.99%.
Ibikurikira haza inzira yo gukora umuringa, ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri bitewe nuburyo bwo gukora: umuringa wa electrolytic umuringa wa file hamwe numuringa wuzuye umuringa.
Umuringa wa electrolytic yakozwe muburyo bwa electrolytic. Mu kagari ka electrolytic, umuringa yangiza buhoro buhoro mubikorwa bya electrolyte, kandi ion yumuringa, itwarwa nuburinganire, bwimuka kuri Cathode hanyuma ushyireho umuringa hejuru ya catshode. Ubunini bw'umuringa wa electrolytic fagitire ubusanzwe kuva muri micrometero 5 kugeza kuri 200, bishobora kugenzurwa neza hakurikijwe ibikenewe byinama y'umuzunguruko (PCB) (Yu, 1988).
Ku rundi ruhande, kuzunguruka umuringa, ku rundi ruhande. Guhera kumpapuro z'umuringa milimetero nyinshi z'uburebure, buhoro buhoro inangane, amaherezo itanga umuyoboro w'umuringa ku rwego rwa micrometer (CoOMB Jr., 2007). Ubu bwoko bwumuringa ifite ubuso bworoshye kuruta umuringa wa elecrolytic, ariko inzira yacyo ikoresha imbaraga nyinshi.
Nyuma yumuringa wakozwe, mubisanzwe ikeneye gutondekanya nyuma yo gutunganya, harimo no gukomera, kuvura hejuru, nibindi, kugirango bimure imikorere yayo. Kurugero, anneling irashobora kuzamura umuyoboro no gukomera k'umuringa, mugihe cyo kuvura hejuru (nko kuri okiside cyangwa ipfunyitse) birashobora kuzamura kurwanya ruswa no kwishongora umuringa.
Muri make, nubwo imikorere yo gukora no gukora imiyoboro yumuringa ari bigoye, umusaruro wibicuruzwa ufite ingaruka zikomeye mubuzima bwacu bwa none. Ibi ni ukugaragaza iterambere ryikoranabuhanga, guhindura umutungo kamere mubicuruzwa byikoranabuhanga bihanitse binyuze muburyo bunoze bwo gukora.
Ariko, inzira yo gukora umuringa nayo izana ibibazo, harimo no gukoresha ingufu, ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije, n'ibindi bya toni 2 z'akanwa ka karubone (mu majyaruguru., 2014). Kubwibyo, dukeneye kubona inzira zinoze kandi zishingiye ku bidukikije zo kubyara umuringa.
Igisubizo kimwe gishoboka nugukoresha umuringa wa recyclead kugirango ubyare umuringa. Biravugwa ko gukoresha ingufu zo gutanga ibicuruzwa bisubirwamo ni 20% gusa byumuringa wibanze, kandi bigabanya gukoresha umutungo wibanze (UNEP, 2011). Byongeye kandi, hashobora gutera imbere ikoranabuhanga, dushobora guteza imbere uburyo bwo gukora umuringa bunoze kandi burya ingufu, bikagabanya ingaruka zabo ibidukikije.
Mu gusoza, umusaruro nuburyo bwo gukora umuyoboro wumuringa nigice cyikoranabuhanga cyuzuyemo ibibazo n'amahirwe. Nubwo twateye intambwe igaragara, haracyari akazi kenshi ko gukorwa kugirango umuringa ashobora guhura nibikenewe byacu buri munsi mugihe urinda ibidukikije.
Igihe cyohereza: Jul-08-2023