Mu gihe cy'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, icyuma cy'umuringa cyabaye igice cy'ingenzi mu gukora ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga. Ikoreshwa ryacyo mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga ni rinini, harimo ariko ntirigarukira ku ikoreshwa ryacyo mu mbaho zacapwe (PCBs), capacitors na inductors, ndetse no mu kurinda amashanyarazi.
Muri izi porogaramu zikoreshwa cyane ni ugukoresha icyuma gikozwe mu muringa mu mbaho zanditseho. Bivugwa ko hafi 70% by'ibikoresho byo ku isiurupapuro rw'umuringaUmusaruro ukoreshwa mu gukora PCB buri mwaka (Wang et al., 2017). PCB ni ibice by'ingenzi by'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, bihuza ibice by'ikoranabuhanga binyuze mu miyoboro y'umuringa kugira ngo bikore sisitemu y'amashanyarazi y'igikoresho. Urugero, telefoni yawe igendanwa, mudasobwa, ndetse n'uburoso bw'amenyo bw'amashanyarazi byose birimo PCB. Umuyoboro w'umuringa ugira uruhare runini hano: ushinzwe kohereza ibimenyetso by'ikoranabuhanga, bigatuma igikoresho gikora neza.
Hakurikiraho gukoresha foil y'umuringa muri capacitors na inductors. Capacitors na inductors ni ibice by'ingenzi mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, bigira uruhare runini mu guhindura voltage na current, no kuyungurura urusaku. Urugero, capacitors za aluminium electrolytic zikoreshwa cyane zifite electrodes zazo zikozwe muri foil y'umuringa. Foil y'umuringa ntabwo itanga gusa urwego rwo hejuru rw'ubushobozi bwo gutwara, ahubwo inatanga imikorere myiza y'ubushyuhe, ituma capacitors zigumana umutekano kandi zigakomeza kubaho.
Hanyuma, reka turebe ikoreshwa rya foil y'umuringa mu gukingira amashanyarazi. Mu buzima bwa buri munsi, ibikoresho byacu by'ikoranabuhanga bikunze guhura n'ibibazo bitandukanye bya electromagnetic interferences, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere yabyo isanzwe. Foil y'umuringa, ifite amashanyarazi meza cyane, ishobora gufata neza iyi miraba ya electromagnetic, bityo ikagera ku ngaruka zo gukingira amashanyarazi. Urugero rusanzwe rw'ibi ni telefoni yawe igendanwa. Urupapuro rw'imbere rwa foil y'umuringa rukingira amashanyarazi rwa terefone rugenewe kurinda telefoni interferences za electromagnetic zo hanze.
Muri make, gukoresha foil y'umuringa mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga ni byinshi. Nubwo tutabibona mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi, ubuzima bwacu ntibwaba bushoboka iyo tudafite iyo foil.
Byongeye kandi,urupapuro rw'umuringabigira uruhare runini mu bwoko bushya bw'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga. Urugero, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byoroshye, bitewe n'imiterere yabyo yoroshye guhindagurika, bikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho byo kwambara, kwerekana ibintu byoroshye, n'ahandi. Muri ibi bikoresho, agapapuro k'umuringa gakunze gukoreshwa nk'igice cy'ibikoresho byoroshye, bigatanga imikorere ikenewe y'amashanyarazi.
Byongeye kandi, urwego rw'ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi, rwakomeje kwitabwaho cyane mu myaka ya vuba aha, narwo rubona akamaro kanini k'urupapuro rw'umuringa. Ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi bisaba ububiko bwinshi bw'amashanyarazi, kandi urupapuro rw'umuringa ni igice cy'ingenzi cya bateri za lithium-ion, rukora nk'umubiri uyobora electrode, bityo rukorohereza gusharija no gusohora bateri vuba.
Mu nzego z’ubushakashatsi zigezweho nko gukoresha ingufu nyinshi mu gutunganya ibintu, icyuma gikozwe mu muringa gifite uruhare runini. Ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe bikoresha ingufu nyinshi mu gutunganya ibintu bikenera icyuma gikozwe mu muringa nk'ikintu gikoreshwa mu gutegura ibintu, bigatanga uburyo bwiza bwo guhuza neza icyuma no kurinda amashanyarazi.
Bityo, haba mu bikoresho bya elegitoroniki bisanzwe cyangwa mu ikoranabuhanga rishya rya elegitoroniki, aluminiyumu y'umuringa ifite akamaro kanini kandi k'ingenzi. Yaba nk'igice gihuza imiyoboro cyangwa nk'ibikoresho byo kurinda amashanyarazi, aluminiyumu y'umuringa itanga inkunga ikomeye ku mikorere isanzwe y'ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Kandi hamwe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga, urwego rwo gukoresha aluminiyumu y'umuringa ruzakomeza kwaguka, rugaragaze ubushobozi bunini kurushaho.
Byongeye kandi, aluminiyumu y'umuringa igira uruhare runini mu bikoresho bya elegitoroniki bigezweho. Urugero, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byoroshye, bitewe n'imiterere yabyo yoroshye guhindagurika, bikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho byo kwambara, ecran zoroshye, n'ibindi byinshi. Muri ibyo bikoresho, aluminiyumu y'umuringa ikunze kuba igice cy'ubutaka bworoshye, itanga imiterere y'ingenzi y'amashanyarazi.
Byongeye kandi, mu rwego rw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zigenda zigaragara cyane,urupapuro rw'umuringaikoresha amashanyarazi mu buryo bw'ingenzi. Ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi bisaba kubika ingufu nyinshi, kandi foil y'umuringa ni igice cy'ingenzi cya bateri za lithium-ion. Nk'umubiri uyobora electrode, ifasha bateri gusharija no gusohora amashanyarazi vuba.
Mu nzego z’ubushakashatsi bugezweho, nko gukoresha ingufu nyinshi mu gutunganya ibintu, icyuma cy’umuringa gifite uruhare runini. Ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe byo gukoresha ingufu nyinshi mu gutunganya ibintu bisaba ko icyuma cy’umuringa gikoreshwa nk’icyuma gikoreshwa mu gutunganya ibintu mu gihe cyo kubikora, bigatanga uburyo bwiza bwo guhuza icyuma n’uburinzi bw’amashanyarazi.
Bityo rero, haba mu bikoresho bisanzwe by'ikoranabuhanga cyangwa mu nzego z'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, foil y'umuringa ifite akamaro kanini kandi gakomeye. Foil y'umuringa itanga icyizere gikomeye ku mikorere isanzwe y'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, byaba nk'aho bihurira mu muyoboro cyangwa nk'ibikoresho byo kurinda amashanyarazi. Kandi uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda ritera imbere, urwego rw'ikoreshwa ry'foil y'umuringa ruzakomeza kwaguka, rugaragaze ubushobozi bwinshi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-23-2023