Inganda zikora ibikoresho bya PCB zimaze igihe kinini zikora ibikoresho bitanga igihombo gito gishoboka cy’amajwi. Ku miterere y’umuvuduko mwinshi n’amajwi menshi, igihombo kizagabanya intera yo gukwirakwiza amajwi no guhindura ibimenyetso, kandi bizatera ihindagurika ry’impedance rishobora kugaragara mu bipimo bya TDR. Mu gihe dushushanya ikibaho icyo ari cyo cyose cyacapwe kandi tugategura imiyoboro ikora ku miyoboro yo hejuru, bishobora gutuma uhitamo umuringa woroshye ushoboka mu miterere yose ukora.

Nubwo ari ukuri ko ubukana bw'umuringa butera guhindagurika kw'impedansi no gutakaza, ni gute icyuma cyawe cy'umuringa gikwiye kuba cyoroshye? Ese hari uburyo bworoshye ushobora gukoresha kugira ngo utsinde igihombo udahisemo umuringa woroshye cyane kuri buri gishushanyo? Tuzareba izi ngingo muri iyi nkuru, ndetse n'icyo ushobora gushaka niba utangiye kugura ibikoresho bya PCB.

Ubwoko bwaIcupa rya PCB ry'umuringa

Ubusanzwe iyo tuvuze ku muringa ku bikoresho bya PCB, ntabwo tuvuga ku bwoko bwihariye bw'umuringa, ahubwo tuvuga gusa ku buryo bukabije. Uburyo butandukanye bwo gushyiramo umuringa bukora filime zifite agaciro gatandukanye k'ubushyuhe, zishobora gutandukanywa neza mu ishusho ya microscope ya scanning electron (SEM). Niba ugiye gukora ku murongo wo hejuru (ubusanzwe 5 GHz WiFi cyangwa hejuru yayo) cyangwa ku muvuduko wo hejuru, shyira umutima ku bwoko bw'umuringa bwavuzwe mu rupapuro rw'amakuru yawe.

Nanone, menya neza ko usobanukiwe icyo agaciro ka Drk gasobanura mu rupapuro rw'amakuru. Reba iki kiganiro cya podcast hamwe na John Coonrod wo muri Rogers kugira ngo umenye byinshi ku bisobanuro bya Drk. Ubitekerejeho, reka turebe ubwoko butandukanye bwa PCB copper foil.

Amashanyarazi yashyizwe mu bubiko

Muri ubu buryo, ingoma izunguruka inyuze mu gisubizo cya electrolytic, hanyuma hagakoreshwa uburyo bwo "gukura" icyuma cy'umuringa ku ngoma. Uko ingoma izenguruka, icyuma cy'umuringa gisohoka gipfunyikwa buhoro buhoro ku gikoresho cyo kuzunguruka, bigatanga urupapuro rw'umuringa rukomeza rushobora kuzambikwa kuri laminate. Uruhande rw'ingoma rw'umuringa ruzahura n'ubukana bw'ingoma, mu gihe uruhande rugaragara ruzaba rukomeye cyane.

Igipapuro cy'umuringa cya PCB gishyizwemo amashanyarazi

Umusaruro w'umuringa ukozwe mu byuma bikoresha amashanyarazi.
Kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu buryo busanzwe bwo gukora PCB, uruhande rw'umuringa rusanzwe ruzabanza gufatanywa na dielectric y'ibirahuri. Umuringa usigaye (uruhande rw'ingoma) uzakenera gukurwaho ibinyabutabire ku bushake (urugero, hakoreshejwe plasma) mbere yuko ikoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe bwo gusiga umuringa. Ibi bizatuma ishobora guhambirwa ku rundi rwego muri PCB.

Umuringa wakuwemo amashanyarazi ukoresheje amashanyarazi hejuru

Sinzi ijambo ryiza rikubiyemo ubwoko bwose butandukanye bw'ibicuruzwa byavuweudupapuro tw'umuringa, bityo umutwe wavuzwe haruguru. Ibi bikoresho by'umuringa bizwi cyane nka foils zavuwe mu buryo bunyuranye, nubwo hari izindi ngero ebyiri (reba hepfo).

Amafishi yavuwe inyuma akoresha uburyo bwo gutunganya ubuso bushyirwa ku ruhande rworoshye (uruhande rw'ingoma) rw'urupapuro rw'umuringa rufite electrodeposition. Urwo rwego ni agapira gato gatuma umuringa ukomera ku bushake, bityo kazagira uruhare runini mu bikoresho bya dielectric. Ubu buryo bwo gutunganya bunakora nk'urukuta rurinda ingese. Iyo uyu muringa ukoreshejwe mu gukora paneli za laminate, uruhande rwavuwe rufatanywa na dielectric, kandi uruhande rusigaye ruguma rugaragara. Uruhande rwavuwe ntiruzakenera kongera gukosora mbere yo gukosora; ruzaba rufite imbaraga zihagije zo gufatana n'urundi rwego muri PCB stackup.

Itandukaniro ritatu riri ku rupapuro rw'umuringa rwavuwe inyuma ririmo:

Umugozi w'umuringa wongereye ubushyuhe bwinshi (HTE): Uyu ni umugozi w'umuringa ufite electrodeposition uhuye n'ibipimo bya IPC-4562 Grade 3. Isura igaragara kandi iterwa n'umugozi wo kwirinda ingese mu gihe cyo kubika.
Ifuru ivurwa kabiri: Muri iyi furu y'umuringa, ivurwa rishyirwa ku mpande zombi za firime. Iyi furu rimwe na rimwe yitwa furu ivurwa ku ruhande rw'ingoma.
Umuringa urwanya: Ubusanzwe uyu ntabwo ushyirwa mu cyiciro cy'umuringa watunganyijwe ku buso. Uyu muringa ukoresha irangi ry'icyuma ku ruhande rw'umuringa rudafite ubuziranenge, hanyuma ugashyirwa ku rwego rwifuzwa.
Gukoresha ibi bikoresho by'umuringa mu gutunganya ubuso bw'ibi bikoresho biroroshye: agapapuro karazungurutswa mu bwogero bw'inyongera bwa electrolyte bugashyirwamo agace k'umuringa ka kabiri, hagakurikiraho agace k'imbuto zirinda kwangirika, hanyuma hagakurikiraho agace k'icyuma karinda kwangirika.

Igipapuro cy'umuringa cya PCB

Uburyo bwo gutunganya hejuru y'icyuma gikozwe mu muringa. [Inkomoko: Pytel, Steven G., n'abandi. "Isesengura ry'uburyo icyuma gikoreshwa mu gutunganya n'ingaruka ku ikwirakwizwa ry'ibimenyetso." Mu nama ya 58 y'ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki n'ikoranabuhanga yo mu 2008, pp. 1144-1149. IEEE, 2008.]
Muri izi nzira, ufite ibikoresho bishobora gukoreshwa byoroshye mu gikorwa gisanzwe cyo gukora imbaho ​​hamwe no gutunganya bike cyane.

Umuringa uzungurutse

Udupapuro tw'umuringa twazingirijwe tuzanyuza umuzingo w'urupapuro rw'umuringa mu tubumbe tubiri, tuzazungurutsa urupapuro rw'umuringa ukonje kugeza ku bunini wifuza. Ubukana bw'urupapuro rw'urupapuro ruzavamo buzatandukana bitewe n'ibipimo byo kuzunguruka (umuvuduko, igitutu, nibindi).

Urupapuro ruvuyemo rushobora kuba rworoshye cyane, kandi imirongo igaragara ku buso bw'urupapuro rw'umuringa rwazingiye. Amashusho ari hepfo agaragaza igereranya hagati y'urupapuro rw'umuringa rwazingiye n'urupapuro rwazingiye.

Kugereranya icyuma gikozwe mu muringa cya PCB

Kugereranya udupapuro twashyizwemo electrodeposition ugereranije n'udupapuro twashyizwemo ibyuma.
Umuringa muto
Ubu si ngombwa ko ari ubwoko bw'icyuma cy'umuringa wakora ukoresheje ubundi buryo. Umuringa udafite imiterere ihagije ni umuringa utunganywa kandi ugahindurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gukaraba kugira ngo utange ubukana buke cyane hamwe n'ubukana buhagije bwo gufatana n'ubutaka. Uburyo bwo gukora ubu bwoko bw'icyuma cy'umuringa busanzwe ni ubwa nyirabwo. Ubusanzwe ubu bwoko bw'icyuma bukunze gushyirwa mu byiciro bya ultra-low profile (ULP), very low profile (VLP), na low-profile gusa (LP, hafi 1 micron average roughness).

Ingingo zijyanye:

Kuki Copper Foil ikoreshwa mu gukora PCB?

Umugozi w'umuringa ukoreshwa mu icupa ryacapwe